Aesthler
Death is the only God who comes when you call
- Sep 25, 2018
- 416
Disclaimer: I wanted to make a thread that comprised of as much solid information on plant poisons as possible because I often see questions about it pop up from time to time on here and other places of the internet. I'm also completely obsessed with plant poisons, however I am not an expert on anything I just do my best to find accurate and credible information. Also plant poisons are rarely peaceful alone, however combined with strong anti-emetics & sedatives may make some of these more bearable.
Cyanide - Apple seeds, bitter almonds, apricot pits, cherry pits, etc.
These contain amygdalin, which your body will convert it into hydrogen cyanide. The main concern with this is how much is enough, which is a common theme among any poisoning.
Cyanide lethal dose has been estimated to be 50 to 300 mg for an adult, depending on the specific agent, but not well defined. The fatal dose of cyanide salts is estimated at 200 to 300 mg for an adult, and 50 to 100 mg of hydrocyanic acid. The lethal dose of amygdalin that converts in cyanide varies widely by gastrointestinal bacteria.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1272529/pdf/westjmed00222-0011.pdf
How it kills you
It prevents your cells from using oxygen and the cells die
Symptoms:
Taxine Alkaloids - (Taxus cuspidata) Japanese yew, (Taxus baccata) English yew & (Taxus chinensis) Chinese Yew
The entire plant bark, leaves, seeds, roots contain toxic taxine alkaloids in different varying amounts.
The flesh of the fruit is not toxic.
Taxines remain in the plant throughout the year, with the maximal plant taxine concentrations appearing during the winter. Dried yew plant material retains its toxicity for several months.
The amount required to obtain a lethal dose is estimated to be 250 mg taxine alkaloids or approx. 3 mg taxine per kilogram body weight. 50g of needles or about 30 seeds. One factor that may limit the ingestion of the leaves or bark is a volatile oil irritant in the plant. Time from ingesting a lethal dose to death is somewhere between 2 to 5 hours, though digestion of yew needles is very slow absorption is accelerated by low gastric pH.
How it kills you
Cardiogenic shock due to sodium and calcium channel blocks
Symptoms:
Cerberin - (Cerbera Odollam) Pong-Pong
This a tree native to India and other parts of southern Asia, it's also referred to as the suicide tree. Similar to foxglove which contains digitoxin and digoxin. They both are cardiac glycosides respectively. The seeds of this dangerous tree are surrounded by a fuzzy husk, which contains a quarter sized kernel. The kernel is what contains Cerberin. Lethal dose of Cerberin is one kernel, however I failed to find out how many mg/kg for a human. Death usually occurs 3 to 6 hours after ingestion.
How it kills you
Blocks calcium ion channels in heart muscles disrupting heartbeat and eventually causing heart attack
Symptoms:
Aconitine - (Aconitum napellus) Monkshood, Wolfsbane & Aconite
The entire plant contains Aconitine, however the most lethal parts of the plant are the roots and tubers. You can even absorb this toxin through the skin by just picking the leaves. Aconitine and other Aconitum alkaloids are both a cardiotoxin and neurotoxin. The estimated lethal dose is 2 mg of Aconitine, or 1 g of the raw plant material. a 2 mg dose is estimated to take 4 hours to kill you.
How it kills you
It binds to receptors that help regulate the muscle cells' sodium-ion channels, key components of the nervous system and cardiac cells (i.e. the heart). This action keeps the channels open, allowing sodium to flow freely into the cell. Unable to repolarize, the cells are stuck in a state of "open", and paralysis sets in.
Symptoms:
Coniine - (Conium maculatum) Hemlock
This plant is pretty well associated with Socrates, and coniine is chemically similar to nicotine and it quite potent. The seeds and roots are the most lethal parts of the the plant, however the leaves still contain the toxin. Lethal doses are about 100 mg to 300 mg or 6 - leaves or less if seeds or roots. Estimates I've found suggest you would die in about 3 hours.
How it kills you
it blocks the nicotinic receptor on the post-synaptic membrane of the neuromuscular junction which causes ascending paralysis until it reaches your lungs
Symptoms:
The distinctive red seeds are extremely toxic, the toxin abrin differs from the rest on the list because it's a protein and there is no antidote for this. Ingesting just a single broken seed is all it takes to kill you, however it's not quick. In fact it may take anywhere between 36 - 72 hours before you die.
How it kills you
It prevents your cells from creating ribosomes and your cells die
Symptoms:
Cyanide - Apple seeds, bitter almonds, apricot pits, cherry pits, etc.
These contain amygdalin, which your body will convert it into hydrogen cyanide. The main concern with this is how much is enough, which is a common theme among any poisoning.
Cyanide lethal dose has been estimated to be 50 to 300 mg for an adult, depending on the specific agent, but not well defined. The fatal dose of cyanide salts is estimated at 200 to 300 mg for an adult, and 50 to 100 mg of hydrocyanic acid. The lethal dose of amygdalin that converts in cyanide varies widely by gastrointestinal bacteria.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1272529/pdf/westjmed00222-0011.pdf
How it kills you
It prevents your cells from using oxygen and the cells die
Symptoms:
- Weakness and confusion
- Headache
- Nausea/Vomiting
- Gasping for air and difficulty breathing
- Loss of consciousness
- Seizures
- Cardiac arrest
Taxine Alkaloids - (Taxus cuspidata) Japanese yew, (Taxus baccata) English yew & (Taxus chinensis) Chinese Yew
The entire plant bark, leaves, seeds, roots contain toxic taxine alkaloids in different varying amounts.
The flesh of the fruit is not toxic.
Taxines remain in the plant throughout the year, with the maximal plant taxine concentrations appearing during the winter. Dried yew plant material retains its toxicity for several months.
The amount required to obtain a lethal dose is estimated to be 250 mg taxine alkaloids or approx. 3 mg taxine per kilogram body weight. 50g of needles or about 30 seeds. One factor that may limit the ingestion of the leaves or bark is a volatile oil irritant in the plant. Time from ingesting a lethal dose to death is somewhere between 2 to 5 hours, though digestion of yew needles is very slow absorption is accelerated by low gastric pH.
How it kills you
Cardiogenic shock due to sodium and calcium channel blocks
Symptoms:
- Nausea/Vomiting
- Impaired vision
- Abdominal pain
- Muscle spasms/Trembling
- Shortness of breath
- Arrhythmia
- Seizures
- Unconsciousness
- Coma
Cerberin - (Cerbera Odollam) Pong-Pong
This a tree native to India and other parts of southern Asia, it's also referred to as the suicide tree. Similar to foxglove which contains digitoxin and digoxin. They both are cardiac glycosides respectively. The seeds of this dangerous tree are surrounded by a fuzzy husk, which contains a quarter sized kernel. The kernel is what contains Cerberin. Lethal dose of Cerberin is one kernel, however I failed to find out how many mg/kg for a human. Death usually occurs 3 to 6 hours after ingestion.
How it kills you
Blocks calcium ion channels in heart muscles disrupting heartbeat and eventually causing heart attack
Symptoms:
- Nausea/Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Burning sensation in mouth
- Headache
- Confusion
- Difficulty breathing
- Abdominal Pain
- Arrhythmia
- Coma
Aconitine - (Aconitum napellus) Monkshood, Wolfsbane & Aconite
The entire plant contains Aconitine, however the most lethal parts of the plant are the roots and tubers. You can even absorb this toxin through the skin by just picking the leaves. Aconitine and other Aconitum alkaloids are both a cardiotoxin and neurotoxin. The estimated lethal dose is 2 mg of Aconitine, or 1 g of the raw plant material. a 2 mg dose is estimated to take 4 hours to kill you.
How it kills you
It binds to receptors that help regulate the muscle cells' sodium-ion channels, key components of the nervous system and cardiac cells (i.e. the heart). This action keeps the channels open, allowing sodium to flow freely into the cell. Unable to repolarize, the cells are stuck in a state of "open", and paralysis sets in.
Symptoms:
- Nausea/Vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Diarrhea
- Headache
- Respiratory paralysis
- Arrhythmia
- Numbness & Tingling
Coniine - (Conium maculatum) Hemlock
This plant is pretty well associated with Socrates, and coniine is chemically similar to nicotine and it quite potent. The seeds and roots are the most lethal parts of the the plant, however the leaves still contain the toxin. Lethal doses are about 100 mg to 300 mg or 6 - leaves or less if seeds or roots. Estimates I've found suggest you would die in about 3 hours.
How it kills you
it blocks the nicotinic receptor on the post-synaptic membrane of the neuromuscular junction which causes ascending paralysis until it reaches your lungs
Symptoms:
- Headache
- trembling
- burning in the digestive tract
- increased salivation
- dilated pupils
- muscle pain
- muscle weakness or muscle paralysis
- loss of speech
- convulsions
- unconsciousness or coma
The distinctive red seeds are extremely toxic, the toxin abrin differs from the rest on the list because it's a protein and there is no antidote for this. Ingesting just a single broken seed is all it takes to kill you, however it's not quick. In fact it may take anywhere between 36 - 72 hours before you die.
How it kills you
It prevents your cells from creating ribosomes and your cells die
Symptoms:
- Nausea/Vomiting (possibly bloody)
- Diarrhea (possibly bloody)
- Severe dehydration
- Seizures
- Hallucinations
- Organ Failure
- Fever
- Low blood pressure